Cryptographic marking means



Jam., 9 1,441,239 c. C. MURRAY.

CRYPTOGRAPH c MARK Nq MEANSy FILED FEB. 20, 1922. 3 SHEETS-SHEET l IIIIIIIII I| Jan. 9, w23. I 1,441,239

CRYPToGRH'c MEANS Fl LED FEB. 20, 1922, 3 SHEETS-SHEET 24 Jam.. 9, 1923. 1,441,239

C. D. MURRAY. CRYPToGRAPHlc MARKING MEANS.

FlLeo Fes. 20. 1922. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 Patented Jan. 9, 1923.

UNITED STATES 1,441,239 PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES c. MURRAY, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AssIeNoR To CUMMINS rnnronnroe COMPANY, or cIIICAc-o, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION or ILLINOIS.

CRYPTOGRAPHIC MARKING- MEANS.

Be it known that CHARLES C. MURRAY, a citizen oi' the United` States, residing in Chicago7 in the county `oi" `Cool; und .itate otf Illinois, have invented a new and use'lful improvement inv Cryptographic iilarlring iileans, or' whichthe 'tolloiving is a specilication. l

The object ot this invention is to enable characters to he punched `or otherwise marked upon slips oit paper, such as bank checks, sales tickets, labels, Wrappers, cartons or other pzi ers, by an improved system oi cryptographic notation, the key to which is based upon the characters of an ordinary clocl: dial, that. with the inere knowledge of* the arrangement .ot the ordinary clock dial. any authorized person may instantly read the characters rein .'esented. Although the chi actors represented by the crypto- ,grallihic notstirni oilv the invi-ition will be unintelligrihle to persons not familiar with the key, newertheless, because ot its simplicity, the hey to the reading et the characters muy be readilyv imparted to any `:uithorifuid person, who will therehyiie instantly enabled to decipher any ot the characters represented, without. ourse to code books, or to any other :iid to docipheringl code notation. The invention is, moreover. readily adaptable to secret code notation inasmuch as the characters represented muy he read in conjunction Vwith a clock dial key arbitrarily set a nuuiher ot hours slow or tast und, conscipiently. only those pe ons it'uiniliar with the arbitrary setting; would be enabled to decipher the characters.

in addition to 'the general objects .recited shove. the invention has 'for further objects such other improvements or advantages in operation and results as may be 'found to obtain in the devices horeinatter described or claimed,

ln the accompanying drawings torniing :i part ot this spec ation, therel is shown i machine for pertoruting c .'L'ptographic notation, in :icrordance with the invention, upon slips ot paper such as bank checks. sales tickets. lnhels. Wrappers, cartons,y and the like. it. will be understood, however, that the invention may be embodied `iu numerous Ways and that the notution iii-ay be inarhed h v other means than hy pertorotors. Hence, the invention is not confined in its scope to peritel-:11mg the notation, nor to the specific embodiment of machine Whichis herein described merely as yan illustrative. example. i i 'y Referring to the drawingsfi Figure l is .a perspective `view of a pertoratingg'` machine equipped with punching mechanism designedior perfor-ating characters ttor carying out the cryptographic notation of the invention; lligure 2 is a diagrammatic plan view of the arrangement of the dies inthe die plate through which the punches pass in perforatinp; the characters;

Figure 3 a diagrammatic plan View showingthe arrangement of the markers or punciers, as will be hereinafter explained; and ,i

Figure 4ris another diagrammatic view showing` the arrangement of the characters and matrices on the matrix rings. i

Figureh is a transverse vertical sectional view through the lower portion oit.' theniachine and illustratingmore in detail `the construction and arrangement of the several punches and the actuating` mechanism thereior. "l

The perioratiiu;- machine adapted i tor practicing;` the cryptographic notation `ot the y invention oiz'ibodies in its construction a base block 'il provideifl at its forward end' with u horizontally extendingg'open ended slot 12, into which the sheet or sheets ot' paper to be periforuted are inserted. 'lhe horizontal surface below 'the slot l2 is employed as the die plete 13, the dies of which `may lconiniunicute `with the usual chani'ber (Figure 5) for discharge oi' the' punched out particles oi: paper.

inthe present embodiment of the invention, the die plate lis shown as havingtwo set-s of die holes ifi, B it'or cooperation with, tivo sets ot punches and two sets of matrix1 rings. lt will be noted, however. that them nuinlur ot sets oif coactiuo' die holes, punches and matrix rings -uiay be varied as desired., ln some instances. it may be bestto en'iploy at least three sets ot' such cooctingr instrunientalities: Whereas, in other cases, one set will sutlice, for the reason that the complete cryptographic notation can be practiced, within the limits ot' the matriceson the niutrix rings. .vith only one set ot' die holes und punches. i

:is shown in lligure 2, each set of die holes A or i3 comprises u center locator die hole c,

for locating the center of the circle or periphery P that is' representative of a clock dial.. Arranged around the circle P are 12 die -holes respectively occupying the positions of the ordinary clock dial figures, as clearly shovvnin Figure 2, that is to say the` 'peripheral die holes are arranged in a ciry y r A and Bvcorresponding Withthe tWo sets cle about the center located die hole c, and at equal distances apart. Those peripheral die holes vwhich occupy the saine positions l as the digits 1 lto 9 inclusive 'on an ordinary cupyi'ng the digit indicator position clock dial? are employed, in the cryptographic notation of the invention, as indicative vdie holes Vz', for selectively representing any digits from 1 vto 9iinclusive. The peripheral-die hole -occupying the clock dial position offithe number 11 is employed as the peripheral locator vdie rhole 29,' thev die die hble dior indicating to the reader that any digit l punched byVy a single selected digit indicatorv die vhole z' is to lbe read twice; for example', "should vthe double indicator hole appear viiiv conjunction yvith ahole oc- 3 77 the reading Wouldlbe 33. The peripheral die hole 'occupying the dial position ot the number A10 is employed as the reverse indicator die hole' rand a hole punched inthev reverse indicator position notities' the reader that'oftvvo digitindi'cator holes punched in Vthe same peripheral setfotdigit indicators,

the larger digit is to be readfirst; 'for ex-l ample, should holes occupying the. 2 and 3V digit indicator. positions vappear simultaneouslyin a single punching operation in vconjunction with the reverse indicator hole, l the reading 'Would be 32;1Without the reverse'i'ndic'at'or hole. the reading would be* 23. For locating the diameter of the-dial,

preferably the',y 1vertical diameter projected `through the 12 and,6 dial positions,

, there is provided a *vertical diameter locator die hole/U, the same operating in conjunctionwith its corresponding punchV to punch the vertical diameter locator hole at each punching operation, in order tofavoid anypconfusion in reading the digitindicator holesp'unched. v.The rcenter locator die hole c', i J'e,'ri}i he'i"al locator die hole ya and thevertical "diameter locator die hole cl oteach die set comprise -theunive'rsal locator die holes o'f'theirrespective die hole'sets and punches are `provided Which-cooperate Witlrthese universal' locator' die holes during each punching operation for punching holes Which 'provide the locator ork`ey to the 'reading of the indicator holes which may be selectively determined at the vwill ot the operator. Inv'order to avoid confusion of the locator holes or 'marks with the indicator f marks, the die holes and their corresponding punches for'pu'nching the locator holes guide plate 17 Which formsthe top of the the locator holes or marks .from the indiy cator holes or marks. vSuch visual differentiation may be satisfactorily attained by. making the locator die holes and punches of somewhat larger'dianieter. than the indicat-or dies and punches. N

The punches 14 are arranged in'tvvo sets of dies '5A and B.Y Referringto Figure 3,- each set of punches A or B is larranged to correspond and coact with its corresponding set otdies; or'this purpose, each setof punches comprises the relatively larger cen- `tei" locator, peripheral'iocator and vertical.

diameter'locator punches c, p ando', the

relatively smaller digitv indicator punches A. i', the double indicator punch d', and the reverse indicator punchr. In Figure 3; the

locator punches arey shown in solid black,

ingl punches may, be selectivelyoperatedl for perforating the particular character to be represented, I i l y)Inathe "machine illustrated in i the draw- `ingsafboth sets ofV punches A^ andfB eX- tend into :agchambe'r `in the basefblock 11,

and thel lower ends of said punches, when advanced,r into their correspon/ding die holes7 f Y project through the-perforate, guide block 16' located belovvthev chamber 15` and Jformingr the top of the paper-receiving lslot V12. vVhen in the retractedy position,'-th e,l upper -ends of' the punchesextend.through atop chamber 15. y l

The punches 14 are operated by adjustable orrevolvablematrices 18, therefloeingav of said `punches 14. Each. pair of l'adjusttheinner. ring upon a non-rotative 'arbor 19l vmounted to slidevertically Within the cas-` ing 2O of 'thevmachine Thematrix rings 181are providedfwith series of matrix faces 21., as shown by thediagram in'` Fig. 4, the matrix faces 21 being reversely socketed, so that'they will not operate those punches of the group or set Which arenot required` for printing the particular character de-5 sired. It will beA understood that the vniatriX faces `21 of each set or pair of matrix rings18 are sutlicient innumoer and'so arranged that any desiredfpermutations of the codey system f of notationy hereinabove de? scribed maybe punched. The matrix rings 18 are. held in proper positionfor the opera- 'ifff pair of such matrices Vforeach'setA and B tion ot each of their matrix Vfaces by vpositioning plugs 22 which extend through slots iso in the rings and into retaining slots 23 in the arbor 19. Vhen the positioning plugs 22 are seated within the slots of their respective matrix rings and the arbor slot 23, a matrix face 21 ot each ring'is in proper position for operating its corresponding set of punches. y

The positioned matrix faces 21 of the rings 18 are advanced to push forward the selected indicator punches of the groups or sets A and B, as well as the universal locator punches, when the matrix rings are lowered by a lowering' movement ot the arbor 19. The arbor 19, which is maintained normally in an elevated position, is provided with a cam recess 24. Mounted on a shaft 25 projecting through the arbor and the casing` is an eccentric 26 engageable with the surface of the cam recess 24 for lowering the arbor 'and the matrix rings. The eccentric 26 may be operated by the operating handle 27 secured to the shaft 25. Any suitable means may be provided for maintaining the arbor 19 and the matrix rings in the normal elevated position. As the positioned matrix faces 21 advance the selected punches into their corresponding dies, those punches of the sets A and B which are not required to effect the perfo ration of the particular character remain stationary, the reverse sockets in the positioned matrix faces 21 moving to position the upper ends of the inactive punches in said sockets.

On the upward movement ot the arbor 19and the matrix rings 18, the previously operated punches of both series A and B arc. concurrently restored to their normal position. l? or this purpose, each punch is provided with a lixed collar, indicated by dotted lines at 28, adapted to be engaged by the upper tace of a perforate plate 29 through which the several punches 14 extend. rEhe plate 29 is supported by side members 30 depending from` the arbor 19, and as the latter moves upwardly, the upper face of the plate engages the collars 28 of the several previously operated punches and restores them to their normal retracted positions.

ln carrying out the invention, if the operator desired to punch a cryptogram indici tive of the number 1286, the operator by retracting the plugs 22 from the arbor slot 19 manipulates the matrix rings 18 so that the holes opposite the numbers 1 and 2 of one pair oi" rings are moved into registry with the arbor slot 23 and so that the holes opposite the numbers 6 and 80 of the other pair of matrix rings are also moved into registry with the arbor slot 23. The plugs are then reinserted into the arbor slot 23 to lock the matrix rings inv the set position. The paper is inserted into the slot 12 and the matrix rings are lowered by operating the handle V27, to cause the punches to advance through the paper and into their respective die holes. The paper so punched will be provided with two cryptograms, the one on the left indicating the number 12 by having the digit indicator holes correspondp ing` to the clock dial positions l and 2 which may be readily located by reference to the universal locator holes punched by the locator punches c, o and p, and the cryptogram on the lett indicating the number 86 by indicator holes corresponding with the clock'dial positions 8 and 6 which when taken in conjunction with the reverse indi cator hole corresponding with the 10 clock dial position causes the operator to read the digit 8 before the digit 6. Should an operator desire to punch a -number having two oi the same digits, such as the number 11, one matrix ring ot' 4a pair will be manipulated to set one matrix ring for punching the number 1 and the other matrix rine will be set with the hole `opposite the character D in registry with the arbor slot 23. Aiiiter punchingV the paper, the in` dicator hole corresponding to the clock dial position 1 will appear in conjunction with the double indicator hole corresponding to the clock dial position 12, whereupon the reader will read the digit 1 twice, making the reading 11. In accordance with the invention, there is thus provided a cryptographic notatiomthe key to the reading ot which is the ordinary clock dial. The locator markers or punches .indicate the dial itself and the selective indicator punches indicate the reading of the dial, in accordance with the system-otnotation. By means of the reverse indicator punch and the double indicator punch, an entire series of numbers from 1 to99 inclusive may be indicated cryptographically` by each set of punches and coacting dies."

The invention as hereinabove set forth is embodied in a particular -form of construction, but may be variously embodied within i the scope of the claims hereinafter made.

1. A cryptographic marking means, coin-` prising: universal locator markers for locating respectively the center, peripherj/and vertical diameter of aclock dial,` combined with a set ot selective individual indicative f markers, the set oi said indicative markers being located 'iu the l to 9 clock dial positions of the dial located by the aforesaid locator markers, so that, by noting' the positions of the various indicative marks pro duced by said indicative markers relatively to the universal locator marl-Is, the reader may decipher the cryptogram represented.

2. A cryptographic marking means, com prising: universal locator markers for locating respectively the center, periphery. and vertical diameter of a clock dial. combined with a set ot selective digital indicative markers, 'thes'et of said indicative'markers bei-ng located'iinditlerent dial Spositions'on thev 'dial'loca'te'd Yby 'the aforesaid locator markers, so that, by' noting the positions of the various indicative marksv produced by said .Y indicative' markers relatively tothe un1versal 'ldcat'ormarks lthe reader may decipher *l the crytogram-repr'esented.

` 3. A ycryptographic punching vmeans,'com

pr'isingyuniversal locator punching devices for locating respectively the center, periphery,4 'and vertical diameter of 'a clock dial, combined with a `set of selective'individual indicative punching devices, the s'etYof said indicative punching devices bei-ng locatedin the'l. to 9clock dial positions of the dial located by the aforesaid locator punching devices, so that, by noting the positions ofthe various indicative holes produced by said indicative punching devices relatively to the universal locator holes, the reader ,'may'decipher the* cryptogram represented( 4. A 'cryptographic punching means, come prisi'ng: universal 'locator punching devices for locating respectively the center, periphery, and vertical diameter of a clock dial,

. combined With a set 'off selective digital 'indieative punching devices, the set ot said indicativ'e punching devices being located in dii- -located by t'heatoresaid locator markers, yso.

that', by noting the positions of vthe' various indicative marks produced by said `indicative markers relatively to the universal locator marks, the ireadermay decipher the cryptogram-represented.

6. A cryptograhic'marking' nieans,"com prising:l universal locator markers for `locating 'aclock dial, combined with a `set` ofse-` lective digital markers, the set of said digital markers being located in theivarious clock dialpositions of the dial located by the aforesaid locator marke'rs, so that, by noting the positions of the various digital marks produced by said digital markers relatively to the universal locator marks, the reader may decipher the cryptogram represented.

7. A cryptographic punching means', comprising: universal locator punching devices for locating a clock dialQcombined with. a set of selective individual indicative puncl1- ing devices, the set of said indicative punch? ing devices being` located in the l to 9 Crick 'diiiiposiiioiis if medial located-ty the aforesaid locator punching'devices, sof

that, by notin-gthe positions ofthe various indicative holes produced 'by said indicative punching devices relatively to the universal locator holes, the reader may decipher the cryptogram represented. V n l n 8,. cryptographic punching means, comprising: 'universal locator punching devices for-llocatinga clockl dial, combined With a set 'of 'selective digital piinchingf'devices, the fset of said ,digital'punching devicesrbe` ing located inthe ,various i clo'ck dial posi` tions vof the dial located by the aforesaid-x locator punching devices, "so that, by noting the positions i' the various digitalholes produced by said digital punching devicesrelatively .to 'the universal locator hole, the reader may fdecifpher vthe cryptogram represented;

9; A cryptographic marking means, coin-Y prising: uniyersal locatcr 'markers' for lloeatingr a cl'ock dral`comb1ned with a 'set of selective individual indicative markers located'win the 'various clock 'dial positions,

and with selective marking means for "determining the frequency orthe order of reading of the variousl indicative marks prof duced said indicativeV markers, whereby vthe reader, -by noting thel Vpositions of "the various ,indicative 'marks relatively Vto `the universal locator marks: and the `frequency o'rjth'e order indicating mark, may decipher the cryptogram represented.

1 0. A cryptographic punching means, comprising: universal locator/punching devices t'or` locating a -clock dial, combined with alset of selective individual indicative punching devices located in Vthe .various clock dial positions;` and with selective punching means for determii'iing the ire quency lsor the order of reading of the various indicative holes produced by said indicative punching devices, 'whereby' the reader, by noting 'the positions of 'the various indicative .holes relatively to the universal locator holes and the Lfrequency ork the order indicating hole, may decipher the cryptol'gram represented.

lil. f

eating aiclock dial, comb'i'nedvvith a set of selective digital indicative markers, the setv of `said1nd1cative markers being located iny different ,dial positions on the dial located the aforesaid locator markers, andthe locator 'markers being. visually differentiated Atrom the selective digital indicative"markers, so that', by noting thev'positions of the varie' ous indicative marks produced by said indicative markers relatively to the .visually'diimy hand. i. Y,

'y .CHARLES C. MURRAY.

vcryptog'raphic marking means, coml` prismgpuniversal locator markersfor lo# 

